Spike lee bio biography

Spike Lee

American filmmaker (born 1957)

Shelton Jackson "Spike" Lee (born March 20, 1957) in your right mind an American film director, producer, scriptwriter, actor, and author. His work has continually explored race relations, issues privileged the black community, the role give evidence media in contemporary life, urban depravity and poverty, and other political issues. Lee has won numerous accolades hold his work, including an Academy Bestow, two Primetime Emmy Awards, a BAFTA Award, and two Peabody Awards. Loosen up has also been honored with brainchild Honorary BAFTA Award in 2002, place Honorary César in 2003, and righteousness Academy Honorary Award in 2015.

His production company, 40 Acres and copperplate Mule Filmworks, has produced more more willingly than 35 films since 1983. He troublefree his directorial debut with She's Gotta Have It (1986). He has on account of written and directed such films introduction School Daze (1988), Do the Correct Thing (1989), Mo' Better Blues (1990), Jungle Fever (1991), Malcolm X (1992), Crooklyn (1994), Clockers (1995), 25th Hour (2002), Inside Man (2006), Chi-Raq (2015), BlacKkKlansman (2018), and Da 5 Bloods (2020). Lee also acted in cardinal of his feature films. He deterioration also known for directing numerous film projects including the 4 Little Girls (1997), the HBO series When decency Levees Broke (2006), the concert pelt American Utopia (2020), and NYC Epicenters 9/11→2021½ (2021).

His films have featured breakthrough performances from actors such since Denzel Washington, Laurence Fishburne, Samuel Fame. Jackson, Giancarlo Esposito, Rosie Perez, Delroy Lindo, and John David Washington. Lee's films Do the Right Thing, Bamboozled, Malcolm X, 4 Little Girls, significant She's Gotta Have It were all selected by the Library of Consultation for preservation in the National Pelt Registry for being "culturally, historically, add up to aesthetically significant".[1][2][3] He has received smart Gala Tribute from the Film The upper crust of Lincoln Center as well since the Dorothy and Lillian Gish Prize.[4][5]

Early life and education

Shelton Jackson Lee was born in Atlanta, Georgia, the appear of Jacqueline Carroll (née Shelton), swell teacher of arts and black scholarship, and William James Edward Lee Cardinal, a jazz musician and composer.[6][7] Gladness has five younger siblings, three endorsement whom (Joie, David, and Cinqué) imitate worked in many different positions infringe Lee's films; a fourth, Christopher, dreary in 2014.[8] His youngest sibling deference half-brother Arnold. Director Malcolm D. Gladness is his cousin. When he was a child, the family moved carry too far Atlanta to Brooklyn, New York. Fulfil mother nicknamed him "Spike" during sovereignty childhood. He attended John Dewey Lofty School in Brooklyn's Gravesend neighborhood.

Lee enrolled in Morehouse College, a historically black college in Atlanta, where flair made his first student film, Last Hustle in Brooklyn. He took lp courses at Clark Atlanta University beam graduated with a B.A. in pile communication from Morehouse. He did calibrate work at New York University's Tisch School of the Arts, where grace earned a Master of Fine Discipline in film and television.[9]

Career

1980s

In 1983, Amusement premiered his first independent short coating titled, Joe's Bed-Stuy Barbershop: We Carve hurt Heads. Lee submitted the film translation his master's degreethesis at the Tisch School of the Arts.[10] Lee's classmates Ang Lee and Ernest R. Dickerson worked on the film as cooperative director and cinematographer, respectively. The coating was the first student film match be showcased in Lincoln Center's In mint condition Directors New Films Festival. Lee's pa, Bill Lee, composed the score. Authority film won a Student Academy Stakes.

In 1985, Lee began work accord his first feature film, She's Gotta Have It. The black-and-white film goings-on a young woman (played by Thespian Camilla Johns) who is seeing several men, and the feelings this order provokes. The film was Lee's be in first place feature-length film, and launched Lee's continuance. Lee wrote, directed, produced, starred last edited the film with a give a reduction on of $175,000, he shot the vinyl in two weeks. When the integument was released in 1986, it grossed over $7 million at the U.S. box office.[11]New York Times film judge A.O. Scott wrote that the vinyl "ushered in (along with Jim Jarmusch's Stranger Than Paradise) the American disjointed film movement of the 1980s. Out of place was also a groundbreaking film primed African-American filmmakers and a welcome duty in the representation of blacks valve American cinema, depicting men and column of color not as pimps explode whores, but as intelligent, upscale urbanites."[12]

In 1989, Lee made perhaps his nearly seminal film, Do the Right Thing, which focused on a Brooklyn neighborhood's simmering racial tension on a consequence summer day. The film's cast specified Lee, Danny Aiello, Bill Nunn, Ossie Davis, Ruby Dee, Giancarlo Esposito, Rosie Perez, John Turturro, Martin Lawrence post Samuel L. Jackson. The film gained critical acclaim as one of illustriousness best films of the year getaway film critics including both Gene Siskel and Roger Ebert who ranked rectitude film as the best of 1989, and later in their top 10 films of the decade (No. 6 make a choice Siskel and No. 4 for Ebert).[13] Ebert later added the film to rule list of The Great Movies.[14]

To several people's surprise, the film was fret nominated for Best Picture or Unconditional Director at the Academy Awards. Representation film only earned two Academy Honour nominations for Best Original Screenplay, Nail Lee's first Oscar nomination, and transfer Best Supporting Actor for Danny Aiello. At the Academy ceremony Kim Basinger, who was a presenter that gloaming, stated that Do the Right Thing also deserved a Best Picture selection stating, "We've got five great cinema here, and they are great long one reason, because they tell greatness truth, but there is one disc missing from this list because ironically it might tell the biggest genuineness of all and that's Do interpretation Right Thing".[15] The film that exact win Best Picture was Driving Take life Daisy, a film that focused send-up race relations between an elderly Person woman (Jessica Tandy) and her utility (Morgan Freeman).[16] Lee said in stop off April 7, 2006, interview with New York magazine that the other film's success, which he thought was homeproduced on safe stereotypes, hurt him mega than if his film had need been nominated for an award.[17]

1990s

After justness 1990 release of Mo' Better Blues, Lee was accused of antisemitism toddler the Anti-Defamation League and several integument critics. They criticized the characters make public the club owners Josh and Moe Flatbush, described as "Shylocks". Lee denied the charge, explaining that he wrote those characters in order to block out how black artists struggled against trimming. Lee said that Lew Wasserman, Poet Sheinberg, or Tom Pollock, the Mortal heads of MCA and Universal Studios, were unlikely to allow antisemitic filling in a film they produced. Do something said he could not make iron out antisemitic film because Jews run Spirit, and "that's a fact".[18]

In 1992, Bane released his biographical epic film Malcolm X based on the Autobiography flawless Malcolm X, starring Denzel Washington by reason of the famed civil rights leader. Nobility film dramatizes key events in Malcolm X's life: his criminal career, king incarceration, his conversion to Islam, enthrone ministry as a member of rectitude Nation of Islam and his following falling out with the organization, emperor marriage to Betty X, his journey to Mecca and reevaluation of government views concerning whites, and his massacre on February 21, 1965. Defining ancy incidents, including his father's death, monarch mother's mental illness, and his memoirs with racism are dramatized in flashbacks. The film received widespread critical compliment including from critic Roger Ebert close the film No. 1 on government Top 10 list for 1992 instruction described the film as "one bring into play the great screen biographies, celebrating blue blood the gentry sweep of an American life stroll bottomed out in prison before warmth hero reinvented himself."[19] Ebert and Comedian Scorsese, who was sitting in leverage late At the Movies co-host Cistron Siskel, both ranked Malcolm X amid the ten best films of say publicly 1990s.[20] Denzel Washington's portrayal of Malcolm X in particular was widely undying and he was nominated for rendering Academy Award for Best Actor. Pedagogue lost to Al Pacino (Scent recall a Woman), a decision which Thespian criticized, saying "I'm not the inimitable one who thinks Denzel was robbed on that one."[21]

His 1997 documentary 4 Little Girls, about the girls deal with in the 16th Street Baptist Religion bombing in Birmingham, Alabama, in 1963, was nominated for the Academy Accord for Best Feature Documentary.[22] In 2017, the film was selected for conservation in the United States National Pelt Registry by the Library of Hearing as being "culturally, historically, or esthetically significant".[23]

2000s

In 2002, Lee directed 25th Hour starring Edward Norton, and Philip Queen Hoffman which opened to positive reviews, with several critics since having called it one of the best flicks of its decade. Film critic Roger Ebert added the film to empress "Great Movies" list on December 16, 2009.[24]A. O. Scott,[25]Richard Roeper[26] and Roger Ebert all put it on their "best films of the decade" lists.[27] It was later named the Twenty-six greatest film since 2000 in cool BBC poll of 177 critics.[28] Position film was also a financial good fortune earning almost $24 million against wonderful $5 million budget.[29]

In 2006, Lee headed Inside Man starring Denzel Washington, Jodie Foster, and Clive Owen, Chiwetel Ejiofor, Willem Dafoe and Christopher Plummer. Greatness film was an unusual film intend Lee considering it was a works class heist thriller. The film was clean up critical and financial success earning $186 million off a $45 million no matter what. Empire gave the film four stars out of five, concluding, "It's beyond a shadow of dou a Spike Lee film, but thumb Spike Lee Joint. Still, he's release a pacy, vigorous and frequently excellent take on a well-worn genre. Rise to some slick lens work avoid a cast on cracking form, Gladness proves (perhaps above all to himself?) that playing it straight is crowd always a bad thing."[30]

On May 2, 2007, the 50th San Francisco Worldwide Film Festival honored Spike Lee write down the San Francisco Film Society's Leading Award. In 2008, he received magnanimity Wexner Prize.[31] In 2013, he won The Dorothy and Lillian Gish Adore, one of the richest prizes breach the American arts worth $300,000.[32]

2010s

In 2015, Lee received an Academy Honorary Accord from the Academy of Motion Portrait Arts and Sciences for his assistance to film.[33] Friends and frequent collaborators Wesley Snipes, Denzel Washington, Samuel Honour. Jackson presented Lee with the present at the private Governors Awards ceremony.[34]

Lee directed, wrote, and produced the MyCareer story mode in the video project NBA 2K16.[35] Later that same harvest, after a perceived long dip distort quality, Lee rebounded with a melodious drama film, Chi-Raq. The film quite good a modern-day adaptation of the olden Greek play "Lysistrata" by Aristophanes inactive in modern-day Chicago's Southside and explores the challenges of race, sex, direct violence in America. Teyonah Parris, Angela Bassett, Jennifer Hudson, Nick Cannon, Dave Chappelle, Wesley Snipes, John Cusack, soar Samuel L. Jackson starred in rank film. The film was released provoke Amazon Studios in select cities timetabled November. Chi-Raq received generally positive reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, high-mindedness film has rating of 82% and the site's critical consensus stating, "Chi-Raq is as urgently topical and enjoyably ambitious as it is wildly not flat – and it contains some chastisement Spike Lee's smartest, sharpest, and well-rounded entertaining late-period work."[36]

Lee's 2018 film BlacKkKlansman, a true crime drama set see the point of the 1970s centered around the gauge story of a black police public official, Ron Stallworth infiltrating the Ku Klux Klan. The film premiered at authority 2018 Cannes Film Festival, where constrain won the Grand Prix and release the following August.[37] The film agreed near universal praise when it unbolt in North America receiving a 96% on Rotten Tomatoes with the critics consensus reading, "BlacKkKlansman uses history curb offer bitingly trenchant commentary on existing events – and brings out multifarious of Spike Lee's hardest-hitting work hold back decades along the way."[38] In 2019, during the awards season leading arrange to the Academy Awards, Lee was invited to join a Directors Class conversation run by The Hollywood Reporter. The roundtable included Ryan Coogler (Black Panther), Yorgos Lanthimos (The Favourite), Alfonso Cuarón (Roma), Marielle Heller (Can Order about Ever Forgive Me?), and Bradley Journeyman (A Star is Born).[39] It was nominated for the Academy Award care for Best Picture and Best Director (Lee's first ever nomination in this category). Lee won his first competitive College Award in the category Best Modified Screenplay.[40][41] When asked by journalists punishment the BBC if the Best Portrait winner Green Book offended him, Histrion replied, "Let me give you uncluttered British answer, it's not my beaker of tea".[42] Many journalists in rank industry noted how the 2019 Oscars with BlacKkKlansman competing against eventual stand up for Green Book mirrored the 1989 Oscars with Lee's film Do the Settle Thing missing out on a Preeminent Picture nomination over the eventual advocate Driving Miss Daisy.[43][44][45]

2020s

Lee's Vietnam war integument Da 5 Bloods was released oppress Netflix. The film starred Delroy Lindo, Jonathan Majors, Clarke Peters, Isiah Whitlock Jr., Mélanie Thierry, Paul Walter Hauser and Chadwick Boseman.[46] The film was released worldwide on June 12, 2020.[47][48] The film's plot follows a fly-by-night of aging Vietnam War veterans who return to the country in experimentation of the remains of their sunken disgraced squad leader, as well as loftiness treasure they buried while serving nearby. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the album was scheduled to premiere out-of-competition be inspired by the 2020 Cannes Film Festival, at that time play in theaters in May host June before streaming on Netflix.[49] High-mindedness film received widespread critical acclaim; justness website Rotten Tomatoes gave it necessitate approval rating of 92% based fenderbender 252 reviews, with the critical assent reading: "Fierce energy and ambition road through Da 5 Bloods, coming motivation to fuel one of Spike Lee's most urgent and impactful films."[50] Turning Metacritic, the film has a biased average score of 82 out spectacle 100, based on 49 critics, suggesting "universal acclaim".[51][52]

Lee's next project will write down a movie musical about the fountain-head story of Viagra, Pfizer's erectile pathology drug.[53] He has signed a bond with Netflix to direct and hide yourself away more movies.[54] In February 2024, indictment was announced that Spike Lee was confirmed as the director of picture remake of High and Low (1963), directed by Akira Kurosawa with Denzel Washington to star.[55]

Academic career and teaching

In 1991, Lee taught a course erroneousness Harvard about filmmaking. In 1993, unquestionable began to teach at New Royalty University's Tisch School of the Portal in the Graduate Film Program. Decree was there that he received culminate master of fine arts. In 2002, he was appointed as artistic administrator of the school.[56] He is at the present time a tenured professor at NYU.[57]

Commercials

In mid-1990, Levi's hired Lee to direct put in order series of TV commercials for their 501 button-fly jeans.[58] Marketing executives detach from Nike[59] offered Lee a job leadership commercials for the company. They loved to pair Lee's character, Mars Blackmon, who greatly admired athlete Michael River, and Jordan in a marketing jihad for the Air Jordan line. Subsequent, Lee was asked to comment link the phenomenon of violence related be in total inner-city youths trying to steal Drive up Jordans from other kids.[60] He vocal that, rather than blaming manufacturers neat as a new pin apparel that gained popularity, "deal smash the conditions that make a babe-in-arms put so much importance on trim pair of sneakers, a jacket near gold".[60] Through the marketing wing outline 40 Acres and a Mule, Face has directed commercials for Converse,[61]Jaguar,[62]Taco Bell,[63] and Ben & Jerry's.[64]

Artistic style predominant themes

Lee's films are typically referred nominate as "Spike Lee Joints". The crease credits always end with the phrases "By Any Means Necessary", "Ya Dig", and "Sho Nuff".[65] His 2013 membrane, Oldboy, used the traditional "A Skewer Lee Film" credit after producers abstruse it re-edited.[66]

Themes

Lee's films have examined refine relations,[67]colorism in the black community, magnanimity role of media in contemporary life,[68] urban crime and poverty, and pander to political issues. His films are additionally noted for their unique stylistic sprinkling, including the use of dolly shots to portray the characters "floating" suitcase their surroundings, which he has difficult his cinematographers repeatedly use in empress work.[69]

Influences

In 2018, during an interview delete GQ, Lee cited some of her majesty favorite films as Elia Kazan's On the Waterfront (1954) and A Mug in the Crowd (1957), as athletic as Martin Scorsese's Mean Streets (1973). Lee says that he befriended Filmmaker after attending a screening of After Hours at NYU.[70]

Filmography

Further information: Spike Leeward filmography

Awards and honors

Main article: List think likely awards and nominations received by Nail Lee

In 1983, Lee won the Aficionado Academy Award for his film Joe's Bed-Stuy Barbershop: We Cut Heads.[71] Unquestionable won awards at the Black Totter Awards for Love and Basketball,[72] illustriousness Black Movie Awards for Inside Man, and the Berlin International Film Anniversary for Get on the Bus.[73] Prohibited won BAFTA Award for Best Cut out for Screenplay for BlacKkKlansman.[74]

Lee was nominated mean Academy Awards for Best Original Stagecraft for Do the Right Thing[75][76] wallet Best Documentary for 4 Little Girls, but did not win either grant. In November 2015, he was land-dwelling the Academy Honorary Award for rulership contributions to filmmaking.[77] In 2019, blooper received his first Best Picture service Best Director nominations.[78]

In 2015, at nobleness age of 58, Lee became dignity youngest person ever to receive apartment house Honorary Academy Award.[79] Lee received say publicly award as "a champion of disconnected film and an inspiration to in the springtime of li filmmakers". Frequent collaborators Denzel Washington, Prophet L. Jackson, and Wesley Snipes suave Lee with the award at keen private ceremony at the Governors Awards.[80][81]

In 2019, Lee's film BlacKkKlansman went interrupt to receive 6 Academy Award nominations. Lee himself was nominated for 3 Oscars for Lee for Best Depiction, Best Director, and Best Adapted Stagecraft. He went on to win honesty Best Adapted Screenplay, his first College Award.[82]

Two of his films have competed for the Palme d'Or award reduced the Cannes Film Festival, and firm the two, BlacKkKlansman won the Large Prix in 2018.[83]

Lee's films Do prestige Right Thing,[1]Malcolm X,[2]4 Little Girls, She's Gotta Have It, and Bamboozled were each selected by the Library be frightened of Congress for preservation in the Safe Film Registry for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".[3]

On May 18, 2016, Lee delivered the Commencement address round out The Johns Hopkins University Class break into 2016.[84]

He has been named as interpretation recipient of the Ebert Director Accolade at the TIFF Tribute Awards fulfill the 2023 Toronto International Film Festival.[85]

In March 2024, Lee received a Timber of Governor's Award from the Inhabitant Society of Cinematographers.[86]

Personal life

Marriage

Lee met her majesty wife, attorneyTonya Lewis Lee, in 1992, and they were married a twelvemonth later in New York.[87] They have to one`s name two children.[88][89]

When asked by the BBC whether he believed in God, Leeward said: "Yes. I have faith ensure there is a higher being. Rivet this cannot be an accident."[90] Actor continues to maintain an office rank Fort Greene, Brooklyn, but he unacceptable his wife live on the Poop East Side of Manhattan.[91]

Sports

Spike Lee laboratory analysis a fan of the New Dynasty Knicks basketball team, the New Dynasty Yankees baseball team (although he grew up a New York Mets fan[92]), the New York Rangers ice common team, and the English football baton Arsenal.[93][94] One of the documentaries include ESPN's 30 for 30 series, Winning Time: Reggie Miller vs. The Another York Knicks, focuses partly on Lee's interaction with Miller at Knicks mirth in Madison Square Garden. In June 2003, Lee sought an injunction intrude upon Spike TV to prevent them steer clear of using his nickname; he claimed lose concentration because of his fame, viewers would think he was associated with rectitude channel.[95][96][97] In March 2020, Lee cope with the security team at Madison Platform Garden had a disagreement over which entrance to use to see righteousness New York Knicks; Lee stated dirt would not attend the rest show the games for the season.[98][99] Spine affliction Lee has also frequented New Royalty Liberty games at Barclays Center, session courtside during the 2024 WNBA playoffs in a Sabrina Ionescu Jersey[100]

Politics

In Hawthorn 1999, the New York Post contemporaneous that Lee made an inflammatory annotation about Charlton Heston, president of blue blood the gentry National Rifle Association of America (NRA), while speaking to reporters at magnanimity Cannes Film Festival. Lee was quoted as saying the National Rifle Institute should be disbanded and, of Heston, someone should "Shoot him with straight .44 Bull Dog."[101][102] Lee said stylishness intended it as a joke. Crystal-clear was responding to coverage about inevitably Hollywood was responsible for school shootings. "The problem is guns", he said.[103]RepublicanHouseMajority LeaderDick Armey condemned Lee as taking accedence "nothing to offer the debate honour school violence except more violence accept more hate".[103]

In October 2005, Lee responded to a CNN anchor's question importation to whether the government intentionally unheeded the plight of black Americans lasting the 2005 Hurricane Katrina catastrophe timorous saying, "It's not too far-fetched. Unrestrainable don't put anything past the Pooled States government. I don't find pretense too far-fetched that they tried propose displace all the black people sortout of New Orleans."[104] In later comments, Lee cited the government's past containing the Tuskegee Syphilis Study.[105][106]

In May 2020, Lee published a three-minute short album, NEW YORK NEW YORK, on Instagram[107] that was later featured on righteousness city's official website.[108] Lee celebrated Joe Biden's victory over Donald Trump resource the 2020 presidential election with merry amid a crowd on the streets of Brooklyn.[109] Lee endorsed Kamala Marshal in the 2024 United States statesmanly election and spoke at one be taken in by her campaign rallies on October 24, 2024.[110][111]

Legal issues

In March 2012, after prestige killing of Trayvon Martin, Spike Take pleasure in was one of many people who used Twitter to circulate a memo that claimed to give the house address of the shooter George Zimmerman. The address turned out to befall incorrect, causing the real occupants, Elaine and David McClain, to leave domicile and stay at a hotel pointless to numerous death threats.[112] Lee turn out an apology and reached an apportionment with the McClains, which reportedly limited in number "compensation", with their attorney stating "The McClains' claim is fully resolved".[113][114] Despite that, in November 2013, the McClains filed a negligence lawsuit which accused Take pleasure in of "encouraging a dangerous mob reason among his Twitter followers, as vigorous as the public-at-large".[112][115] The lawsuit, which a court filing reportedly valued exploit $1.2 million, alleged that the yoke suffered "injuries and damages" that lengthened after the initial settlement up assurance Zimmerman's trial in 2013.[112] A Muskhogean County judge dismissed the McClains' demure, agreeing with Lee that the tremor had already been settled previously.[116]

Controversies

At righteousness 2008 Cannes Film Festival, Lee, who was then making Miracle at Seek. Anna, about an all-black U.S. rupture fighting in Italy during World Fighting II, criticized director Clint Eastwood care for not depicting black Marines in surmount own World War II film, Flags of Our Fathers. Citing historical genuineness, Eastwood responded that his film was specifically about the Marines who easier said than done the flag on Mount Suribachi rot Iwo Jima, pointing out that term black Marines did fight at Iwo Jima, the U.S. military was racially segregated during World War II, famous none of the men who brocaded the flag were black. He acerbically said that Lee should "shut fulfil face". Lee responded that Eastwood was acting like an "angry old man", and argued that despite making a handful of Iwo Jima films back to swallow down, Letters from Iwo Jima and Flags of Our Fathers, "there was pule one black soldier in both be fooled by those films".[117][118][119] He added that take steps and Eastwood were "not on exceptional plantation".[120] Lee later claimed that integrity event was exaggerated by the publicity and that he and Eastwood challenging reconciled through mutual friend Steven Filmmaker, culminating in his sending Eastwood cool print of Miracle at St. Anna.[121]

Lee has been criticized for his visual aid of women. For example, bell mitt said that he wrote black cohort in the same objectifying way go wool-gathering white male filmmakers write the script of white women.[122]Rosie Perez, who was in an acting role for nobleness first time as Tina in Do the Right Thing, said later defer she was very uncomfortable with know-how the nude scene in the album, saying, "I had a big disconcert with it, mainly because I was afraid of what my family would think...It wasn't really about taking recklessness my clothes. But I also didn't feel good about it because excellence atmosphere wasn't correct."[123] Subsequently, Perez alleged that Lee had offered an justification, and the two maintained their friendship.[124]

Over the course of his career Spine affliction Lee has defended Woody Allen, Archangel Jackson and Nate Parker, all always whom have been accused of progenitive misconduct.[125][126][127][128][129]

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