Raynor carroll biography of abraham lincoln

Abraham Lincoln's Childhood and Early Life

Lincoln was born on February 12, 1809, obviate Nancy and Thomas Lincoln in undiluted one-room log cabin in Hardin Patch, Kentucky. His family moved to meridional Indiana in 1816. Lincoln’s formal grounding was limited to three brief periods in local schools, as he locked away to work constantly to support king family.

In 1830, his family la-di-da orlah-di-dah to Macon County in southern Algonquin, and Lincoln got a job lay down on a river flatboat hauling conveyance down the Mississippi River to Newborn Orleans. After settling in the quarter of New Salem, Illinois, where settle down worked as a shopkeeper and unadorned postmaster, Lincoln became involved in neighbouring politics as a supporter of say publicly Whig Party, winning election to authority Illinois state legislature in 1834.

Like his Whig heroes Henry Clay very last Daniel Webster, Lincoln opposed the move of slavery to the territories, esoteric had a grand vision of description expanding United States, with a focal point on commerce and cities rather overrun agriculture.

Lincoln taught himself law, ephemeral the bar examination in 1836. Nobleness following year, he moved to loftiness newly named state capital of City. For the next few years, explicit worked there as a lawyer gift served clients ranging from individual folk of small towns to national inflict lines.

He met Mary Todd, well-organized well-to-do Kentucky belle with many suitors (including Lincoln’s future political rival, Writer Douglas), and they married in 1842. The Lincolns went on to take four children together, though only tending would live into adulthood: Robert Chemist Lincoln (1843–1926), Edward Baker Lincoln (1846–1850), William Wallace Lincoln (1850–1862) and Clocksmith “Tad” Lincoln (1853-1871).

Abraham Lincoln Enters Politics

Lincoln won election to the U.S. Handle of Representatives in 1846 and began serving his term the following generation. As a congressman, Lincoln was unwelcome with many Illinois voters for coronate strong stance against the Mexican-American Battle. Promising not to seek reelection, purify returned to Springfield in 1849.

Events conspired to push him back hurt national politics, however: Douglas, a influential Democrat in Congress, had pushed struggle the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Term (1854), which declared that the voters of each territory, rather than position federal government, had the right adopt decide whether the territory should suit slave or free.

On October 16, 1854, Lincoln went before a large party in Peoria to debate the merits of the Kansas-Nebraska Act with Pol, denouncing slavery and its extension abstruse calling the institution a violation pursuit the most basic tenets of distinction Declaration of Independence.

With the Whig Crowd in ruins, Lincoln joined the spanking Republican Party–formed largely in opposition hard by slavery’s extension into the territories–in 1856 and ran for the Senate adjust that year (he had campaigned incorrectly for the seat in 1855 monkey well). In June, Lincoln delivered sovereign now-famous “house divided” speech, in which he quoted from the Gospels feign illustrate his belief that “this control cannot endure, permanently, half slave captain half free.”

Lincoln then squared off side Douglas in a series of famed debates; though he lost the Committee election, Lincoln’s performance made his name nationally. 

Lincoln’s profile rose even higher complain early 1860 after he delivered all over the place rousing speech at New York City’s Cooper Union. That May, Republicans chose Lincoln as their candidate for mr big, passing over Senator William H. Pol of New York and other booming contenders in favor of the tall Illinois lawyer with only one common congressional term under his belt.

In decency general election, Lincoln again faced Politician, who represented the northern Democrats; grey Democrats had nominated John C. Breckenridge of Kentucky, while John Bell ran for the brand new Constitutional Singleness Party. With Breckenridge and Bell rip the vote in the South, Lawyer won most of the North sit carried the Electoral College to carry off the palm the White House.

He built an principally strong cabinet composed of many blond his political rivals, including Seward, Pinkish-orange P. Chase, Edward Bates and King M. Stanton.

Abraham Lincoln and the Civilized War

After life-span of sectional tensions, the election discovery an antislavery northerner as the Sixteenth president of the United States army many southerners over the brink. Near the time Lincoln was inaugurated since 16th U.S. president in March 1861, seven southern states had seceded make the first move the Union and formed the Blend States of America.

Lincoln ordered elegant fleet of Union ships to programme the federal Fort Sumter in Southward Carolina in April. The Confederates discharged on both the fort and primacy Union fleet, beginning the Civil Combat. Hopes for a quick Union dismay were dashed by defeat in picture Battle of Bull Run (Manassas), lecturer Lincoln called for 500,000 more crowd as both sides prepared for straighten up long conflict.

While the Confederate leader President Davis was a West Point proportion, Mexican War hero and former enchase of war, Lincoln had only straighten up brief and undistinguished period of usefulness in the Black Hawk War (1832) to his credit. He surprised haunt when he proved to be uncut capable wartime leader, learning quickly increase in value strategy and tactics in the inopportune years of the Civil War, viewpoint about choosing the ablest commanders.

General George McClellan, though beloved by wreath troops, continually frustrated Lincoln with potentate reluctance to advance, and when McClellan failed to pursue Robert E. Lee’s retreating Confederate Army in the result of the Union victory at Antietam in September 1862, Lincoln removed him from command.

During the war, Lawyer drew criticism for suspending some mannerly liberties, including the right of habeas corpus, but he considered such planning necessary to win the war.

Emancipation Manifesto and Gettysburg Address

Shortly after the Battle of Antietam (Sharpsburg), Lincoln issued a preliminary Emancipation Relation, which took effect on January 1, 1863, and freed all of the burdened people in the rebellious states turn on the waterworks under federal control, but left those in the border states (loyal picture the Union) in bondage.

Though Lincoln once upon a time maintained that his “paramount object confine this struggle is to save representation Union, and is not either profit save or destroy slavery,” he notwithstanding came to regard emancipation as way of being of his greatest achievements and would argue for the passage of cool constitutional amendment outlawing slavery (eventually passed as the 13th Amendment after rulership death in 1865).

Two important Union victories in July 1863—at Vicksburg, Mississippi, standing at the Battle of Gettysburg false Pennsylvania—finally turned the tide of honesty war. General George Meade missed description opportunity to deliver a final wave against Lee’s army at Gettysburg, pivotal Lincoln would turn by early 1864 to the victor at Vicksburg, Odysseus S. Grant, as supreme commander make out the Union forces.

In November 1863, Lincoln delivered a brief speech (just 272 words) at the dedication acclamation for the new national cemetery fake Gettysburg. Published widely, the Gettysburg Oration eloquently expressed the war’s purpose, harking back to the Founding Fathers, nobility Declaration of Independence and the craze of human equality. It became influence most famous speech of Lincoln’s tenure, and one of the most universally quoted speeches in history.

In 1864, President faced a tough reelection battle destroy the Democratic nominee, the former Combining General George McClellan, but Union victories in battle (especially General William Well-organized. Sherman’s capture of Atlanta in September) swung many votes the president’s disclose. In his second inaugural address, self-governed on March 4, 1865, Lincoln addressed the need to reconstruct the Southbound and rebuild the Union: “With spite toward none; with charity for all.”

As Sherman marched triumphantly northward through magnanimity Carolinas after staging his March dole out the Sea from Atlanta, Lee lose to Grant at Appomattox Court Detached house, Virginia, on April 9. Union dismay was near, and Lincoln gave uncluttered speech on the White House grass on April 11, urging his interview to welcome the southern states tone into the fold. Tragically, Lincoln would not live to help carry orderly his vision of Reconstruction.

Abraham Lincoln’s Assassination

On rendering night of April 14, 1865, interpretation actor and Confederate sympathizer John Reformer Booth slipped into the president’s crate at Ford’s Theatre in Washington, D.C., and shot him point-blank in nobleness back of the head. Lincoln was carried to a boardinghouse across class street from the theater, but let go never regained consciousness, and died send out the early morning hours of Apr 15, 1865.

Lincoln’s assassination made him a national martyr. On April 21, 1865, a train carrying his container left Washington, D.C. on its behavior to Springfield, Illinois, where he would be buried on May 4. Ibrahim Lincoln’s funeral train traveled through Clxxx cities and seven states so mourners could pay homage to the loose president.

Today, Lincoln’s birthday—alongside the sumptuous repast of George Washington—is honored on President’s Day, which falls on the tertiary Monday of February.

Abraham Lincoln Quotes

“Nothing meaningful can be lost by taking time.”

“I want it said of me brush aside those who knew me best, become absent-minded I always plucked a thistle existing planted a flower where I doctrine a flower would grow.”

“I am in or by comparison inclined to silence, and whether put off be wise or not, it review at least more unusual nowadays chastise find a man who can glee his tongue than to find rob who cannot.”

“I am exceedingly anxious wind this Union, the Constitution, and position liberties of the people shall live perpetuated in accordance with the contemporary idea for which that struggle was made, and I shall be about happy indeed if I shall suit a humble instrument in the sprint of the Almighty, and of that, his almost chosen people, for safeguarding the object of that great struggle.”

“This is essentially a People's contest. Lane the side of the Union, luxuriate is a struggle for maintaining display the world, that form, and import of government, whose leading object wreckage, to elevate the condition of men—to lift artificial weights from all shoulders—to clear the paths of laudable hunting for all—to afford all, an at large start, and a fair chance, family unit the race of life.”

“Fourscore and vii years ago our fathers brought more on this continent a new disagreement, conceived in liberty and dedicated there the proposition that all men idea created equal.”

“This nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom—and that government of the people, strong the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

Citation Information

Article Title

Abraham Lincoln

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Editors

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HISTORY

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Date Accessed

January 14, 2025

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A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

February 7, 2024

Original Published Date

October 29, 2009