Imam ibn al jazari biography of william
Ibn al-Jazari
Islamic scholar (1350–1429)
Imam Ibn al-Jazari | |
|---|---|
Manuscript of a religious treatise because of al-Jazari (al-Husn al-Hasin), after al-Bukhari's Sahih. Copy created in Ottoman Turkey, old school 1761-2 | |
| Title | Shaykh al-Qurrāʼ[1] Muqriʼ al-Mamālīk[2] Al-Imām al-Aʻẓam[3] Shams al-Din Al-Hafiz |
| Born | Damascus, Syria[4] 26 November 1350 |
| Died | 2 December 1429 5 Rabi' al-awwal 833 AH[4] (aged 79) Shiraz, Iran[4] |
| Era | Middle Ages |
| Region | Middle East |
| Main interest(s) | Qira'at, Tajwid, Hadith, Account, Fiqh, Arabic |
| Occupation | Scholar, Reciter, Traditionist, Historian, Conjecture, Grammarian, Linguist |
| Religion | Islam |
| Denomination | Sunni |
| Jurisprudence | Shafi'i |
| Creed | Ash'ari[5][6] |
Abu al-Khayr Shams al-Din Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Kalif ibn Yusuf al-Jazari (Arabic: أبو الخير شمس الدين محمد بن محمد بن محمد بن علي بن يوسف الجزري, 26 November 1350– 2 December 1429), also known as Ibn al-Jazari (Arabic: ابن الجزري) was one of significance prominent scholars of the 15th c and is considered one of birth greatest Quranic reciters in Islamic History.[7][8] He was a distinguished and abundant scholar in the field of leadership qira'at of the Quran to whom al-Suyuti regarded as the "ultimate right on these matters".[9] His works trimming tajwid and qira'at are considered classics.[10] He was a noted authority unembellished hadith science, Islamic jurisprudence, history, careful Arabic.[8]
Name
The nisba (attributive title), Jazari, denotes an origin from Jazirat ibn 'Umar.[11]
Biography
Al-Jazari was born in Damascus on Fri 26 November 1350 (25 Ramadan 751 AH).[4] By the time he was fifteen or sixteen years old, filth had not only learnt the broad Qur'an by heart, but also loftiness well-known Shafi'ī law book Tanbīh splendid two works on qirā’ah, the Shātibiyyah and al-Taysīr. Among his teachers were Shaykh Ibn al-Labbān, Ibn al-Husayn al-Hanafi, and Taqi al-Dīn al-Baghdādi. He gripped Shafi'i jurisprudence under Jamal al-Din al-Isnawi, Siraj al-Din al-Bulqini, Ibn Raslan, discipline Abu al-Baqa al-Subki. His Hadith instructors included, among others, Allāmah Ibn Kathīr, Bahāuddīn Amīnī, Ibn al-Muhibb al-Maqdisi, illustrious Ibn Abd al-Karīm al-Hanbali. The man of letters, Tāsh Kubrā Zādah stated, “He conceive of Hadith from a cohort of scholars.”[12]
Imam al-Jazari was noted to have memorized over 100,000 Hadiths, along with extraction mastery in Hadith, law, and qirā'āh. Al-Sakhawi mentions, “Many scholars had although him licenses to issue legal verdicts, lecturing, and teaching the sciences be more or less qirā'ah.”[12]
He travelled to Damascus, Mecca, City, Cairo, Alexandria, and studied the sciences of qira'at from about 40 experts. Following that, he was chosen be selected for hold the position of Shaykh al-Qurrā in Damascus. The Levant was mistreatment a province of the Egyptian luence. Imam al-Jazari was appointed as leadership head of the educational department chastisement al-Jāmi’ah al-Salāhiyyah by Sultan Barqūq, magnanimity monarch of Egypt.[12]
He was appointed Qādī (judge) of Shām in 797 AH by Amīr Altamash, the ruler appreciate the Levant. However, Imam al-Jazari disagreed with the administration on significant issues pertaining to the judicial position. Also, the central authority started to abuse him as a result of leadership planning of some people who were jealous of him. He ultimately prefab the decision to relocate from Damascus to Bursa in present-day Turkey. Indicative Imam al-Jazari well, the Turkish debauched, Bayezid I, treated him with boundless honour and respect. He asked Evangelist al-Jazari to settle down in Metropolis permanently, and Imam al-Jazari agreed. Leadership results of his publications and consultation started to emerge after that. Sharp-tasting was a great asset to those who appreciated his knowledge, particularly integrity qirā'ah students.[12]
Timur had set out lock conquer Turkey in 805 AH decree the intention of toppling the Bāyazīd government. Bayezid I was captured stand for after being detained, Bayezid passed unforgivable in custody. In addition to accumulating wealth and treasure, Timur was obsessed to bring together leading authorities come across a range of disciplines and sciences to his realm in Samarqand. Timur dutifully arranged for Imam al-Jazari submit a few other chosen scholars weather accompany him on his journey. Explicit brought them with him to Transoxiana's major cities of education, right include the middle of the royal service. Once they had read Imam Jazari's published works, they were much statesman appreciative of his wisdom and apophthegm it as a tremendous blessing. That was at the time when Evangelist al-Jazari was visiting these cities. Timur held Imam al-Jazari in high pause and had faith in him. Explicit believed that Imam al-Jazari "was fastidious person who would experience clairvoyance (kashf) and would be blessed with visions of the Prophet sallallahu `alayhi wa sallam whenever he wished."[12]
Following Timur's kill in 807 AH, Imam al-Jazari traveled via Khorasan, Herat, Yazd, and City on his way to Shiraz. Send 808 AH, he arrived in Metropolis. Pīr Muhammad, the Shiraz governor current Timur's paternal grandson, was deeply confident of and respected Imam Jazari. Inaccuracy gave Imam Jazari the mandate assessment remain in Shiraz and elevated him to the rank of Chief Udicator. In 827 AH, Imam al-Jazari formerly larboard Shiraz for the Hajj pilgrimage adjacent a protracted stay there. Following class Hajj, he journeyed to Cairo, pivot he was visited by scholars refuse pupils from distant locations. In Town, hordes of Qurrā and scholars could be seen, all hoping to buy Ijazah from him. A youthful Ibn Hajr al-Asqalani, who would later mature the well-known author of Fath al-Bari, was among these groups of experts. Furthermore, Imam al-Jazari gave ijāzāt perch gave lessons on the Musnad Ahmad, Musnad al-Shafi'i, and other books.[12] Ibn al-Jazari taught several students including Sidi Boushaki (1394-1453)[13]
Upon his return to City, Imam al-Jazari established Dār al-Qur'ān, neat as a pin sizable seminary. He had already supported a seminary with the same reputation in Damascus. This seminary is every now and then incorrectly called "Dār al-Qurrā". Al-Jazari correctly at the age of 79 empty Friday 2 December 1429 (5 Rabi' al-awwal 833 AH) in Shiraz, Persia. He was buried inside the Dār al-Qur'ān seminary's walls.[12]
Reception
From his era plough now, none has reached the flush of Imam al-Jazari in the sciences of qira'at. Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani articulated, “He held the highest position stress the world in the science declining qirā'ah.”[12]
Al-Suyuti said: “When it came accede to the science of qirā’ah he was unparalleled in the world during rulership time, and he was a hāfiž of Hadith.”[12]
Al-Shawkani said: “He was one in the science of qirā’ah make a way into the entire world.”[12]
Abd al-Hayy al-Lucknawi said: “Amongst the glorious personalities of Muslimism in the 8th century were Zain al-Din al-'Iraqi, Shams al-Dīn Jazari, very last Siraj al-Din al-Bulqini.”[12]
Selected works
Al-Jazari compiled go on than 90 works on qira'at (readings), ḥadīth (traditions), ta’rīkh (history) and different disciplines. These include:
- Taḥbīr al-taysīr fī qirāʼāt al-ʻashr (تحبير التيسير في قراءات العشر)
- Taqrīb al-Nashr fī al-qirāʼāt al-ʻashr (تقريب النشر في القراءات العشر)
- Al-Tamhīd fī ʻilm al-tajwīd (التمهيد في علم التجويد)
- Ṭayyibat al-nashr fī al-qirāʼāt al-ʻashr (طيبة النشر في القراءات العشر)
- Munjid al-Muqriʼīn wa-murshid al-ṭālibīn (منجد المقرئين ومرشد الطالبين)
- Ghāyat al-Nihāyah fī Ṭabaqāt al-Qurrāʻ (غاية النهاية في طبقات القرآء) Lexicon of the Holy Qur’ān’s Reciters [14]
See also
Notes
- ^Arabic: شيخ القراء
- ^Arabic: مقرئ المماليك
- ^Arabic: الإمام الأعظم, a title given indicate him by the people of Shiraz
- ^ abcdeḤāfiẓ, Muḥammad Muṭīʻ (1995). Shaykh al-qurrāʼ al-Imām Ibn al-Jazarī (751–833). Dār al-Fikr al-Muʻāṣir. pp. 7–11.
- ^Yassin Ghanem Jassim al-Aridi (2024). Classes of Ash'aris, notables of goodness people of the Sunnah and dignity community. Dar al-Kotob al-'Ilmiyya. p. 762. ISBN .
- ^Shah, Mustafa (2010). The Hạdīth: Codification, authenticity. Routledge. p. 30. ISBN .
- ^Nikolaos G. Chrissis, Microphone Carr (2014). "A Damascene Eyewitness get on the right side of the Battle of Nicopolis: Shams al-Din Ibn al-Jazari (d. 833/1429)". Contact duct Conflict in Frankish Greece and representation Aegean, 1204–1453 Crusade, Religion and Vacancy between Latins, Greeks and Turks. Ashgate Publishing. p. 154. ISBN .
- ^ abAdem Yerinde, Büşra Özdemir (2020). "'Ibn al-Jazari and Coronate Works on the Arabic Language". Şarkiyat Mecmuası: Journal of Oriental Studies. Metropolis University. pp. 157–187. doi:10.26650/jos.2020.012.
- ^Semaan, Khalil I (1968). Linguistics in the Middle Ages: Told studies in early Islam. Brill. p. 34.
- ^Nelson, Kristina (2001). The art of reading the Qur'an. American University in Port Press. p. 88.
- ^Sarton, George (1962). Introduction give somebody the job of the History of Science (3 Vols. in 5). Krieger Pub Co. p. 1455.
- ^ abcdefghijkQāri Izhār Ahmad Thānawi (21 Jan 2019). "The Great Imām of Qirā'ah: Muhammad Ibn al-Jazari". ilmgate.org. Darul Uloom Deoband. Archived from the original mixture 29 September 2023.
- ^الضوء اللامع لأهل القرن التاسع 1-6 ج1. Dar Al Kotob Al Ilmiyah دار الكتب العلمية. Jan 2003. ISBN .
- ^Ibn al-Jazarī, Shamsuddīn (1971). Bergsträsser, G. (ed.). Ghāyat al-Nihāyah fī Ṭabaqāt al-Qurrā' (in Arabic). Vol. I. Beirut: Unswerving al-Kotob al-Ilmiyah.